Stair



May 2l, 1929- AQo. wlLsoN 1,713,582

STAIR Filed Nov. 5, 1926 u @Merian/z on 6 y 6g `f0jf776Lgj Patented May2l, 1929.

UNITED STATES ALBERT O. WILSON, `02|." WINCHESTER, MASSACHUSETTS.

` STAIB.

Application led November The present invention lrelates to stairconstructions and has for its object to improve upon present-day stairs,to the end that their manufacture may be simplified` and their costdecreased, without in' any way impairing their efficiency. n Theinvention will be'explained in connection with the accompanyingdrawings, in whichFig. 1 is a vertical section through a stairwayconstructed in accordance with the present invention, thesection beingtaken substantially upon the line 1 1 of Fig. 4, looking in thedirection of the arrows; Fig. 2 is a vertical section of a modification;Fig. 3 is a vertical section, upon a larger scale, taken upon the line3-3 of Fig. 1, looking in the direction ofthe arrows; Fig. 4 is asimilar' horizontal section, taken upon the line 4--4 of Fig. 1, lookingupward in the direction of the arrows; Fig. 5 is a section similar toFig. 3 of a modification; Fig. 6 is a perspective of the securingelement shown in' Fig. 5; Fig. 7 is a section similar to Fig. 3 of afurther modification; Fig. 8

is .a perspective of the modified securing element shown in Fig. 7; Fig.9 is a section similar to Fig. 3 of another modification; Fig. 10 is aperspective of the modied securing element shown in Fig. 9; Fig. 11 is asection similar to Fig. 4 of still another modification; and Fig. 12 isa section similar to Fig. 4 of the modification shown in Fig. 9.

Three horizontal treads 2 of a stairway are illustrated in Figs. 1 and2, each connected at their ends tosupports or stringers 4. `Thesestringers are usually mounted in vertical planes, and may be constitutedof standard channels, plates, bent-plate channels, and the like. Onlyone Stringer 4 is illustrated, the views being broken away so as not toshow the other Stringer. In Fig. 1, the treads are shown connected byrisersA 6. `These risers may be panelled or plain. In the stairs ofFigs. 2, the treads are separatedV from each other, without anyconnecting risers. If risers are employed, the riser 6 of each` treadmay be caused to lap over the tread 2 of the next higher tread, as shownat 8, and the lapped parts may be secured together in any desired way.In the case of sheet-metal risers and treads, the securing means mayconsist of rivets or bolts 10. T'hese rivets or bolts, together withother projecting parts 34, 38 and the like, to be described hereinafter,may

51926. Serial No. 146,541.

help to anchor in place a marble, slate or other stonewear plate 12, asillustrated. The lapping parts 8 of the riser 6 may aid theperformanceof this function. The bottom of the-wear plate is providedwith openings to .receivev the projecting parts and is se-v cured to thetread by a layer of cement or other binder that fills in theprojectionreceiving openings and the space above the tread 2 up to thelevel of the lapped-over portion 8 of the riser. This provides asubstantial anchoring effect to hold the wear plate in place.v Theseparated treads shown in Fig. 2 may be made by bending a sheet metalplate 14 into oblong form, with the top of the oblong open atk 16. Oneor'both sides of the sheet may terminate at 18 and 19 at the top of theoblong. Preferably, however one of these sides is bent a small distanceat 20 into vthe top plane of the oblong and both these sides may be sobent if desired. The oblong is then filled with concrete or other'filler 22. Other types of stairs, too, may equally well be employedWithout departing from the present invention.-

According to one embodiment of the invention, each tread is provided ateach end with a pluralityof openings (two are illustrated, but three ormore may be used), shown at 24 and 26, and the stringers are eachprovided with ay corresponding number of openings 28 and '30, the treadopenings and the stringer openingsbeing correspondingly disposed inpairs24, 28 and 26, 30. .An' eyed bolt 32 lextends through each stringeropening 28 and 30Vand a bolt 34 extends through the eye'36 of the eyedbolt and through the opening 24 or 26, as the case may be, ofthe tread.One or more nuts 38 serve to hold the bolt'34, the tread 2 and the eyedbolt 32 together. One `or more nuts 40 threaded on the threaded end ofthe eyed bolt 32 holds the latter in place. The tread is thus secured tothe Stringer bythe direct interaction of the bolts 32 and 34, and restsupon the'eyed bolts 32. A yspacer bar or plate 42 is disposed betweenthe tread 2 and the nuts 38, being provided with openings 44 and 46toreceive the bolts 34. Thespaeer bar serves as a backing for the nuts38, and also tov stillen the tread against transverse bending.

The above-described construction may, o course, be varied in many wayswithin the scope of the invention. Thus, instead Vof using the nut 40,the free end of the eyed bolt may be bent over against, andinto-engagement with, the Stringer, exterior to the anglerbetween thetread and the support, as illustrated at 48, Figs. 7 and L8; or thebolts 32 and 34 may be replaced by a single bent rod, as shown at 50 inthese same two views and 52 in Figs. 5 and 6, the arms 53 beingcontinuous with ythe rest of the rod. The constructions Shown in Figs.to 8 are urther advantageous in that they present a better appearancefrom below the tread, in the angle between the tread and the support,Showing only the bent portion of the bent rod or=52. Equally eflicientis the modification shown in Fig. 11, comprising a single rod havingthreaded arms 54 and 56 extending through the Stringer openings 28 and30, and having two bent eyes or openings 58 and 60 for alining with thetread openings 24 and 26 and the spacer bar openings and through whichextend the bolts 34 tohold the parts together.

According to the modifications illustrated in Figs. 9, 10 and 12, a rod62 is provided with an end upon whi'ehthe nut 40 is threaded, as inFigs. 3, 4, 5 and 11, or bent over an arm 53 continuous with the endportion, as in Figs. 5 to 8. Continuous with the arm 53 is, however, aportion 64 which bends at 66 down through an additional opening 68 inthe tread 2, and then backward at 70 underneath the tread. A very securelocking effect is thus obtained. The openings 24 (or 26) and 68 areshown elongated in Fig. 9, to facilitate mountingA the rod 62 therein.The rod 62 is tirst inserted through the tread openings 24 and 68, thenmoved longitudinally through the Stringer' opening 28 (or 30), and thenut 40 is finally applied, locking the parts firmly together.

Other modifications, too, within the spirit and scope of the invention,will readily occur to persons Skilled in the art, and are intended to beexpressed in the appended claims.

What'is claimed is: l. Stairs comprising a Stringer, a tread abuttingagainst and extending outward at an angle from the Stringer, theSt-ringer and the tread each having a plurality of openings,

the Stringer openings being disposed directly adjacent to thecorresponding abutting end of the tread, the Stringer openings and thetread openings being correspondingly disposed in pairs, and a pluralityof rods each bent at an angle corresponding to the angle between thetread and the Stringer, the por tion of each rod on one side of the bendextending from the bend in contact with the tread and through a Stringeropening, and the portion of each rod on the other side of the bendextending from the bend through the corresponding tread opening, the rodbemgI unnotched at the bend so aS to permit the second-named portionthereof to extend through the said tread opening freely and so asnot toweaken the rod at the bend, and means cooperating with the terminalportions of the rod that extend through the openings and with theStringer and the tread, respectively, to pull the Stringer and the treadtightly together, whereby the tread is tightly secured to the Stringer,with the tread contacting with the first-named portion of the rod, bythe Sole action of the rod and the Said cooperating means.

2. Stairs comprising a Stringer, a tread abutting against and extendingperpendicularly outward from the Stringer, the Stringer and the treadeach having a plurality of openings, the Stringer openings beingdisposed directly belowr the corresponding abutting end of the tread,the Stringer openings and the treadv openings being correspondinglydisposed in pairs, and a Vplurality of rods each bent at substantially aright angle, the portion of each rod on one Side of the bend extendingfrom the bend below and in contact with the underside of the tread andthrough a st-ringer opening, and the portion of each rod on the otherside of the bend extending from the bend through the corresponding treadopening, the rod being unnotched at the bend so as to permit thesecond-named portion' thereof to extend through the said tread openingfreely and so as not to weaken the rod at the bend, and meansycooperating with the terminal portions of the rod that extend throughthe openings and with the Stringer, and the tread, respectively, to pullthe Stringer and the tread tightly together, whereby the tread istightly secured tothe Stringer, with the tread resting upon thefirst-namedV portion of the rod, by the sole action of the rod and theSaid cooperating means. l

3. VStairs comprising a Stringer, a tread abutting against and extendingperpendicularly outward from the Stringer, the Stringer and the treadeach having a plurality of openings, the Stringer openings beingdisposed directly below the corresponding abutting end of the tread, theStringer openings andthe tread openings being Vcorre'-spondinglydisposed in pairs, andaplurality of rods each bent atSubstantially a right angle, the portion of each rod on one side of thebend extending from the bend below and in contact with the underside ofthe tread and through a Stringer opening, and the portion of each rod onthe other side of the bend extending from the bend through thecorresponding tread opening, the rod being'unnotched at the bend so asto permit the second-named portion thereof to extend through the Saidtread opening freel and so as not to'weaken the rod at the bene,

and means cooperating 'with the terminal portions of the rod that extendthrough the openings and with the Stringer and the tread, respectively,to pull the Stringer and the tread tightly together, whereby the treadis tightly secured'to the stringer, with the tread resting upon thefirst-named portion of the rod, by the sole action of the rod and thesaid cooperating means, the said means comprising a threadupon the endof the rod that extends through the tread opening and a nut threadedthereon, and a plate resting 10 upon the tread and having a pluralit ofopenings through which the said en of the rods respectlvely extend, thenuts acting to draw the rst-named portion of the rod, the tread and theplate tightly together.

In testimony whereof, I haveY hereunto subscribed my name.

ALBERT o. WILSON.

